LV Mass (ASE Cube Formula)

Left ventricular mass from M-mode/2D linear dimensions using the ASE-recommended cube (Devereux) formula, for detection of left ventricular hypertrophy.

The ASE-recommended cube formula (Devereux) estimates left ventricular mass from three linear diastolic measurements, modelling the LV as a thick-walled prolate ellipsoid. Indexed to body-surface area it defines left ventricular hypertrophy.

🧮 Interactive Calculator

LV internal diameter, end-diastole (LVIDd)(cm)

Interventricular septal thickness, diastole (IVSd)(cm)

Posterior wall thickness, diastole (PWd)(cm)

Height (optional, for indexing)(cm)

Weight (optional, for indexing)(kg)

Sex (for LVH threshold)

📐 Formula

LV mass (g) = 0.8 × [1.04 × ((LVIDd + IVSd + PWd)³ − LVIDd³)] + 0.6

When to Use

Quantifying LV mass and detecting hypertrophy in hypertension, valvular disease and cardiomyopathy screening.
Serial follow-up of regression with treatment.
When only linear (M-mode/2D) measurements are available.

How It Works

LVIDd, IVSd and PWd are measured at end-diastole perpendicular to the LV long axis at the mitral leaflet-tip / basal level.
Mass = 0.8 × [1.04 × ((LVIDd + IVSd + PWd)³ − LVIDd³)] + 0.6 g, with all dimensions in cm.
Mass is then divided by BSA (m²) to give the LV mass index used for LVH thresholds.

Interpreting the Result

Indexed thresholds for LVH (ASE 2015): > 115 g/m² in men and > 95 g/m² in women.
The formula overestimates mass in dilated ventricles and where measurements are foreshortened.
Relative wall thickness (2 × PWd / LVIDd) further classifies concentric vs eccentric remodelling.

Limitations & Pitfalls

Linear method assumes a symmetric ellipsoid — inaccurate with asymmetric hypertrophy or regional wall-motion abnormality.
Small measurement errors are cubed, magnifying variability.
Where feasible, 3D echo or cardiac MRI gives more accurate mass.

References

Devereux RB, et al. Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular hypertrophy: comparison to necropsy findings. Am J Cardiol. 1986;57:450–458.
Lang RM, et al. Recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification by echocardiography in adults (ASE/EACVI). J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2015;28:1–39.

⚕️ For clinical decision support only. Always verify calculations and apply clinical judgment.

LV Mass (ASE Cube Formula)

🧮 Interactive Calculator

📐 Formula

🎯 When to Use

⚙️ How It Works

📊 Interpreting the Result

⚠️ Limitations & Pitfalls

📚 References

When to Use

How It Works

Interpreting the Result

Limitations & Pitfalls

References