← All patterns

Cerebellopontine angle mass

NeuroMRI

A mass in the CPA cistern presenting with hearing loss, tinnitus or facial symptoms. Relationship to the internal auditory canal and signal characteristics are key.

Differential

Vestibular schwannoma

common
  • Extends into and widens the internal auditory canal ("ice-cream cone")
  • Acute angle with the petrous bone
  • Avid enhancement; may be cystic; no dural tail

Meningioma

common
  • Broad dural base, obtuse angle with petrous bone
  • Dural tail and hyperostosis; homogeneous enhancement
  • Rarely extends into the IAC

Epidermoid cyst

less-common
  • Follows CSF on T1/T2 but restricts diffusion (bright DWI)
  • Insinuates around vessels/nerves, no enhancement
  • Incomplete FLAIR suppression

Arachnoid cyst

less-common
  • Follows CSF on all sequences including DWI (no restriction)
  • Complete FLAIR suppression, no enhancement, displaces vessels

Facial nerve schwannoma

rare
  • Extends along the facial nerve into the labyrinthine segment/geniculate
  • Facial nerve palsy

Metastasis / lymphoma

rare
  • Leptomeningeal/multifocal enhancement
  • Known primary; cranial neuropathies

Key discriminators

  • IAC involvement (schwannoma widens; meningioma usually spares)
  • Angle with petrous bone (acute schwannoma vs obtuse meningioma)
  • Dural tail (meningioma)
  • Diffusion restriction (epidermoid) vs CSF-matching (arachnoid cyst)
  • Pattern of enhancement

Work-up / next steps

  1. 1.Thin-section high-resolution T2 (CISS/FIESTA) through the IAC
  2. 2.Post-contrast T1 and DWI for tissue characterisation
  3. 3.Audiometry correlation
  4. 4.Interval imaging or resection/radiosurgery per size and symptoms

References

  • Radiopaedia: Cerebellopontine angle mass.
  • Osborn AG. Osborn’s Brain, 2nd ed.

Educational clinical decision support only. This differential does not make a diagnosis, is not a medical device, and must never substitute for interpretation by a qualified radiologist correlated with the full clinical picture and prior imaging.