← All patterns

Pancreatic cystic lesion

AbdomenCT / MRI (MRCP)

A cystic pancreatic lesion. Communication with the duct, cyst architecture and demographics separate benign from mucinous (premalignant) lesions.

Differential

Serous cystadenoma

common
  • Microcystic "honeycomb" with a central stellate scar/calcification
  • Older woman ("grandmother"); no duct communication

Branch-duct IPMN

common
  • Cyst COMMUNICATES with the main pancreatic duct
  • Grape-like clusters, often uncinate; elderly
  • Worrisome: mural nodule, duct >5 mm

Mucinous cystic neoplasm

common
  • Macrocystic with peripheral eggshell calcification
  • Body/tail of a middle-aged woman ("mother"); no duct communication

Pseudocyst

less-common
  • Prior/current pancreatitis; thick enhancing wall, no epithelium
  • May contain debris; peripancreatic fat changes

Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm

rare
  • Large encapsulated mixed solid-cystic mass with haemorrhage
  • Young woman ("daughter")

Cystic neuroendocrine tumour

rare
  • Hypervascular enhancing rim/solid component
  • May be functioning; MEN1 association

Key discriminators

  • Communication with the pancreatic duct (IPMN)
  • Micro- vs macrocystic architecture
  • Central scar (serous) vs peripheral eggshell calcification (mucinous)
  • Demographics (grandmother/mother/daughter rule)
  • Worrisome features: mural nodule, thick septa, main-duct dilatation

Work-up / next steps

  1. 1.MRI/MRCP to assess duct communication and internal architecture
  2. 2.Apply Fukuoka/European guidelines for worrisome/high-risk stigmata
  3. 3.EUS with fluid CEA/cytology for indeterminate mucinous lesions
  4. 4.Surveillance vs resection per risk stratification

References

  • Tanaka M et al. Fukuoka consensus guidelines. Pancreatology.
  • Radiopaedia: Pancreatic cystic lesions.

Educational clinical decision support only. This differential does not make a diagnosis, is not a medical device, and must never substitute for interpretation by a qualified radiologist correlated with the full clinical picture and prior imaging.