Air crescent sign

ChestCT / Radiograph

A crescent of air separates a rounded intracavitary mass from the surrounding cavity wall, often near the top of the cavity.

What it means

Typically an aspergilloma (fungus ball) within a pre-existing cavity, or the recovery phase of angioinvasive aspergillosis.

Mechanism

A mobile fungus ball or retracting necrotic tissue sits dependently within a cavity, leaving a crescent of air between it and the wall.

Associated conditions

  • Aspergilloma
  • Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (recovery phase)
  • Tuberculous cavity
  • Cavitating neoplasm or haematoma

Pearls

  • The intracavitary ball often moves dependently when the patient is repositioned.
  • In neutropenic patients its appearance frequently coincides with neutrophil recovery.

References

  • Radiopaedia: Air crescent sign

For educational use only. This dictionary is a study aid and reference, not a diagnostic tool, and must not be used to guide clinical decisions or patient care. Imaging appearances vary; always correlate with the full clinical picture and confirm with a qualified radiologist.