Fallen fragment sign

MSKRadiograph / CT

A small bone fragment lies dependently within a lucent bone lesion, having fallen to the most dependent part of the cavity.

What it means

A fluid-filled simple (unicameral) bone cyst that has sustained a pathological fracture.

Mechanism

A cortical fragment from a fracture through the thin wall of a fluid-filled cyst sinks to the dependent portion of the cavity.

Associated conditions

  • Simple (unicameral) bone cyst
  • Pathological fracture
  • Proximal humerus lesions
  • Proximal femur lesions

Pearls

  • The sign confirms the lesion is fluid-filled rather than solid, favouring a simple bone cyst.
  • It helps distinguish a simple bone cyst from an aneurysmal bone cyst or solid tumour.

References

  • Radiopaedia: Fallen fragment sign

For educational use only. This dictionary is a study aid and reference, not a diagnostic tool, and must not be used to guide clinical decisions or patient care. Imaging appearances vary; always correlate with the full clinical picture and confirm with a qualified radiologist.