Silhouette sign

ChestRadiograph

Loss of a normally visible border between two structures of similar radiographic density that lie in direct contact.

What it means

The opacity abuts a specific structure, allowing anatomical localisation of the disease.

Mechanism

Two soft-tissue densities in contact share the same attenuation, so their interface disappears; an intervening air-filled lung would preserve it.

Associated conditions

  • Right middle lobe consolidation (right heart border)
  • Lingular consolidation (left heart border)
  • Lower lobe consolidation (diaphragm)
  • Anterior mediastinal mass

Pearls

  • Loss of the right heart border localises disease to the right middle lobe.
  • A preserved border means the opacity is not in contact with that structure.

References

  • Radiopaedia: Silhouette sign

For educational use only. This dictionary is a study aid and reference, not a diagnostic tool, and must not be used to guide clinical decisions or patient care. Imaging appearances vary; always correlate with the full clinical picture and confirm with a qualified radiologist.